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FM 5-10

Combat Engineer Platoon

HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

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DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release;

distribution is unlimited.

By Order of the Secretary of the Army:

PETER J. SCHOOMAKER

General, United States Army

Chief of Staff

OFFICIAL:

SANDRA R. RILEY

Administrative Assistant to the

Secretary of the Army

0003207

DISTRIBUTION:

Active Army, Army National Guard, and US Army Reserve: To

be distributed in accordance with the initial distribution

number 115228, requirements for FM 5-10.

This publication is available at Army

Knowledge Online (www.us.army.mil)

i

FM 5-10

Field Manual Headquarters

No. 5-10 Department of the Army

Washington, DC, 3 October 1995

Combat Engineer Platoon

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

PREFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iv

CHAPTER 1. INTELLIGENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

Threat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

Reconnaissance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

Mounted and Dismounted Patrolling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5

CHAPTER 2. MANEUVER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

Offense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

Defense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

Platoon Leader’s Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

Rehearsal Principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

Participant Levels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9

Rehearsal Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9

Initiation of PCCs, PCIs, and Mission-Specific Drills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10

DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is

unlimited.

FM 5-10

ii

Page

CHAPTER 3. MOBILITY AND SURVIVABILITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

Mobility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

Obstacle Breaching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

Lane Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

Countermobility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8

Obstacle Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10

Obstacle Siting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14

Obstacle Camouflage (If Required) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19

Obstacle Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20

Survivability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-21

Planning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-24

Positions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25

Nuclear, Biological, Chemical (NBC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26

CHAPTER 4. FIRE SUPPORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

CHAPTER 5. AIR DEFENSE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

CHAPTER 6. COMBAT SERVICE SUPPORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

Resupply Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

Supply Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4

Class I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4

Class II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4

Class III. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5

Class IV. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5

Class V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5

Class VI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5

Class VII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5

Class VIII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5

Class IX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6

Class X. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6

Special Class IV/Class V Supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6

Maintenance Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7

Medical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7

CHAPTER 7. COMMAND AND CONTROL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1

Command and Support Relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1

Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2

Engineer Integration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4

Platoon Leader’s Responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4

FM 5-10

iii

Page

Maneuver Force’s Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-6

Engineer Attachments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-6

APPENDIX A. BASIC FORMATIONS, MOVEMENT TECHNIQUES,

AND HAND-AND-ARM SIGNALS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1

Mounted Movement Techniques. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1

Wedge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1

Column . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3

Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3

Echelon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-5

V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-5

Dismounted Movement Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-6

Squad Formations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-6

Platoon Formations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-7

Hand-and-Arm Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-14

APPENDIX B. CHECKLISTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1

Local security and Job-Site Security Checklists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1

Precombat Checklists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2

Uniform-, Duffle-Bag-, and Ruck-Sack-Packing Checklists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4

APPENDIX C. BREACHING CASE STUDIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1

Dismounted Case Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1

Mounted Case Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-3

GLOSSARY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Glossary-1

REFERENCES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .References-1

INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index-1

FM 5-10

iv

PREFACE

Field Manual (FM) 5-10 is designed as a companion manual for FM 5-34 and is

structured using the following Battlefield Operating Systems (BOS) as a framework:

• Intelligence.

• Maneuver.

• Mobility and survivability.

• Fire support (FS).

• Air defense (AD).

• Combat service support (CSS).

• Command and control (C2).

Each BOS is not discussed in detail. Instead, they are used to outline considerations

for how the engineer platoon supports the total combined-arms (CA) effort.

The bulk of the platoon's missions concentrates on mobility, countermobility, and

survivability operations in support of the mobility and survivability BOS. However,

the platoon leader and sergeant must have an understanding of the role their

platoon plays in supporting all the BOS. More importantly, the platoon leader and

sergeant must understand the impact of all the BOS on platoon planning, preparation,

and execution.

This FM also has three appendices: Appendix A covers basic formations, movement

techniques, and hand-and-arm signals; Appendix B contains checklists for

security, precombat, and packing; and Appendix C covers case studies for mounted

and dismounted breaching.

The proponent of this publication is Headquarters (HQ), United States (US) Army

Engineer School. Send comments and recommendations on Department of the

Army (DA) Form 2028 directly to Commander, US Army Engineer School, ATTN:

ATSE-T-PD-PM, Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri 65473-6650.

Unless this publication states otherwise, masculine nouns and pronouns do not

refer exclusively to men.

FM 5-10

Intelligence 1-1

CHAPTER 1

Intelligence

Intelligence is the key for preparing for the next battle. The analysis of intelligence,

in detail, determines the impact of the enemy, weather, and terrain on operations.

It is a continuous process that supports the planning for and execution of

all operations. It is imperative that the platoon leader understand the intelligence

process and his part in that process.

THREAT

The threat facing the US Army has gone through a quantum change with the

breakup of the Warsaw Pact and the former Soviet Union. However, the majority

of the forces we will face in mid- to high-intensity conflicts will use the "Soviet"

model for their operations. Figures 1-1 and 1-2, pages 1-2 and 1-3, provide templates

for the Soviet-style platoon and company defense as well as movement formations.

A detailed analysis of threat mine-warfare capabilities and tactics can be

found in FM 90-13-1, Appendix A, and FM 20-32, Appendix C.

RECONNAISSANCE

Reconnaissance is critical to the engineer. During offensive operations, the engineer

must see the battlefield to plan breaching operations. History has proven that

when a unit conducts CA rehearsals and obstacle reconnaissance it has greater

success. The platoon leader should organize his platoon based on the reconnaissance

mission the commander gives him. This frequently means providing expert

engineers to assist the task force (TF) scouts. The platoon leader may also organize

all or part of his platoon for a reconnaissance mission if there is a critical requirement

for engineer-specific intelligence. If at all possible, the engineers who conduct

the reconnaissance should be trained in this task as well as cross trained with

the maneuver unit’s scout platoon. The platoon leader must ensure that his designated

reconnaissance element links up with the scout platoon.

TYPES

The general types of engineer reconnaissance missions are—

• Technical, which—

– Is conducted to collect engineer-specific technical data.

FM 5-10

1-2 Intelligence

– Is conducted to perform a specified task from higher HQ in a Level 1

threat environment.

– Involves (almost always) engineers only and is usually conducted behind

the forward line of own troops/forward edge of the battle area (FLOT/

FEBA).

• Tactical, which—

– Is conducted to collect engineer-specific information requirements on an

enemy point, area target, or attack axis or a route.

Figure 1-1. Motorized rifle company (MRC) defense template

FM 5-10

Intelligence 1-3

– Is conducted to support the maneuver plan as an implied task.

– Is conducted in a Level 3 threat environment.

– Requires engineer participation as part of a CA effort.

– Is usually conducted forward of the FLOT/FEBA.

PLANNING

Reconnaissance is a CA effort. The engineers either augment the existing reconnaissance

element or conduct their own reconnaissance as part of the consolidated

reconnaissance and surveillance (R&S) plan. Engineer reconnaissance must be

focused on a specific target, and the reconnaissance element should be given specific

intelligence requirements.

In heavy forces, the engineer company commander provides the reconnaissance

target and does the majority of the engineer reconnaissance planning. However, in

Figure 1-2. Typical threat formations

FM 5-10

1-4 Intelligence

light forces, the engineer platoon leader does the engineer reconnaissance planning.

Platoon reconnaissance planning should include—

• A warning order (WO) based on brigade and TF planning, which includes—

– Tentative target locations.

– Type of reconnaissance or target (see Figure 1-3).

– Specific information, equipment, and coordination requirements.

• The movement of reconnaissance assets to effect the linkup.

• The maximum time for leaders to prepare for the reconnaissance mission.

• The assignment of detailed reconnaissance routes.

• The actions to be taken on contact.

Figure 1-3. Recon techniques

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