כישלון שיגור הטיל הבליסטי אגני 3 (ב - 9.7.2006):

מקורות שונים, בהם BBC
India test-launched its longest-range nuclear-capable missile, the Agni-3, for the first time today. The missile was successfully launched from Wheeler Island, off the coast of Orissa State, but crashed into the Bay of Bengal after traveling 1,000 km without reaching its 3,000 km target, according to reports by the BBC and the Times of India.

The total flight time was said to be approximately five minutes out of an intended fifteen. Although the exact cause of the missile’s failure is not yet clear, an official from India’s Defense Ministry was quoted as saying that the second stage did not separate properly.

The Agni-3 is now quoted as having a range of between 3,500 and 5,000 km. Reports say it could hit targets as far off as Beijing and Shanghai. The missile was also said to have two solid-fuel stages, rather than three as was previously believed. It is likely equipped with an inertial guidance systems with an improved optical or radar terminal phase correlation system. This would probably give it a high degree of accuracy with a medium to large nuclear payload, most likely a 200 or 300 kT warhead. The Agni-3’s predecessors, the Agni-1 and Agni-2, are now quoted as having ranges of 700-800 km and 2,000 km respectively.

מתוך SPACE DAILY:

An advanced expendable rocket carrying India's heaviest satellite ever disintegrated in a fiery plume of smoke and flames seconds after lift-off Monday, dealing a crippling blow to the country's ambitious space programme. The rocket called the Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) blasted off at 1205 GMT from an island off the coast of the southeastern state of Andhra Pradesh, cartwheeled and disintegrated seconds later in clear view.

"A mishap happened in the first stage of the separation and it will be some time before we know what went wrong," Madhavan Nair, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) chairman, told reporters at the launch site.

Disaster struck ISRO less than a day after an unsuccessful test flight of India's Agni-III nuclear-capable missile which has a range of 4,000 kilometres (2,480 miles) and designed to arm New Delhi with a ballistic weapon.

The 49-metre (161-foot) GSLV carried a 2,168-kilogram (2.4 tonne) satellite to be put into stationary orbit at 36,000 kilometres (22,320 miles) and programmed to boost television services for the next 10 years.

It was launched from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre at Sriharikota in the Bay of Bengal. A similar GSLV successfully placed a satellite in orbit in 2004.

Indian scientists citing preliminary data blamed snags in the separation process in both the two-stage Agni (Fire) and the three-stage GSLV as the cause for their failures.

Experts also described the unsuccessful launch as a temporary setback.

"I would describe it as a setback but not a show-stopper," said K. Santhanam, a former chief advisor of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), which is developing the Agni missiles.

"Such high-technology systems do take a little time to mature ... and such mishaps are not unknown in space history," Santhanam told CNN-IBN television.

Uday Bhaskar, deputy director of the state-funded Institute of Defence Studies and Analysis, said the GSLV's failure should not be viewed as the end of road for ISRO's space programme.

"There has been a setback but the scale of the setback should be placed in context because countries before India who have embarked upon satellite launch business too have gone through a similar learning curve," he said.

U.R. Rao, former chief of the Space Commission, which formulates guidelines and policies to promote development and application of space science, said it was a "mishap," not a setback.

"We will come to know the problem in the next few days. The amount (33 million dollars -- or 26 million euros -- for the launch) is small compared to other nations' budgets," he told AFP.

Monday's ill-fated launch of the GSLV, which includes Russian-made cryogenic control systems with locally-built equipment, was an attempt to increase its capacity beyond four tonnes.

K.R. Sridhara Murthi, executive director of Antrix Corporation, the commercial arm of the Department of Space, said Sunday his outfit wanted "one or more successful launch of the rocket" before offering launch services.

"Only then we can go in for more vigorous marketing," Murthi told AFP of India's ambition to capture part of the global launch market.

India has plans to invest 542 million dollars to handle up to four launch services for satellites a year.

India has nine other communication satellites with a total of 175 transponders in operation, making it the largest domestic communication satellite system in the Asia-Pacific and the world's biggest civilian cluster of remote-sensing satellites.

India first tried to launch a satellite-capable rocket on March 24, 1987. The attempt failed.

A second attempt ended with the payload falling into the Bay of Bengal on July 13, 1988, when the vehicle became unstable and broke up soon after release of the booster rockets.

A launch on May 20, 1992 placed a satellite in orbit, but lower than planned, resulting


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