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20-05-2013, 21:17
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חבר מתאריך: 13.11.04
הודעות: 16,823
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פרטים נוספים על ה "אג'יס" בכתבות נוספות מ DMN כולל תמונות יפות
בתגובה להודעה מספר 58 שנכתבה על ידי strong1 שמתחילה ב "תמונה מעניינת נוספת - התכנון המקורי של סיירת אג'יס גרעינית מדגם 42"
U.S. Navy Missile Defense: Aegis Weapon System, Missiles, and Launchers
http://www.defensemedianetwork.com/...-and-launchers/
The Aegis team deployed the first development model at a land-based site in Moorestown, N.J., and completed initial land-based testing there by October 1973. The model was then installed in the Navy test ship Norton Sound (AVM 1) for at-sea evaluation. Those testing efforts, which began in late 1974 and ran until 1977, proved conclusively that the anti-warfare capabilities resident in Aegis far exceeded any other system in the fleet. Meanwhile, a successor engineering development model featuring improved performance and reduced weight was introduced in 1976.
The heart of Aegis BMD – and the U.S. Navy’s fleet air defense capabilities – is the Aegis Weapon System. Consisting of the S-band AN/SPY-1 phased-array radar, the Mk 99 fire-control system, the Weapon Control System, the Command and Decision suite, and associated Standard missiles, Aegis can simultaneously detect and track hundreds of threats and friendly/neutral aircraft and engage multiple targets simultaneously. When combined with the Mk 41 Vertical Launch System (VLS), the AN/SQQ-89 underwater combat system, command-and-control, and self-defense weapons and systems, the weapon system acts as the central component of the broader Aegis Combat System.
Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense is currently at sea in the 3.6.1 configuration, which provides exo-atmospheric engagement capability against short-, medium- and some intermediate-range ballistic missiles with the SM-3 Block IA missile, as well as retaining its long-range early warning for BMD as a whole
עוד על הסטנדרט SM-3 - שימו לב להשוואה ל THAAD
The SM-3 RIM-161 is a ship-based missile system used by the U.S. Navy to intercept ballistic missiles as a part of the Aegis BMD system. The SM-3 is primarily used and tested by the Navy, but is also currently used by the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force and may, in the future, be used by other navies. The SM-3 has shown the best results of any anti-missile system developed by the United States, and as the Missile Defense Agency’s 2011 program update noted, “The SM-3 1A currently deployed on Aegis ships has proven to be a highly reliable interceptor. Aegis, using the current 3.6.1 Aegis Weapon System and the SM-3 1A, has more than twice the exo-atmospheric engagement range of THAAD.”
מעוף הטיל משיגור ועד להשמדת המטרה
To accomplish a ballistic missile intercept, an Aegis warship’s SPY-1 radar detects and tracks the target, and the Aegis weapon control system calculates a fire-control solution. When the missile is ordered to launch, a Mk. 72 solid-fuel rocket booster launches the SM-3 out of the ship’s Mk. 41 VLS. The missile then establishes communication with the launching ship. Once the booster burns out, it detaches, and the Mk. 104 solid-fuel dual-thrust rocket motor (DTRM) takes over propulsion through the atmosphere. The missile continues to receive mid-course guidance information from the launching ship and is aided by GPS data. The Mk. 136 solid-fueled third-stage rocket motor (TSRM) fires after the second stage burns out. It takes the missile above the atmosphere. The TSRM is pulse fired and provides propulsion for the SM-3 until 30 seconds prior to intercept.
At that point the third stage separates, and the kill vehicle begins to search for the target using pointing data from the launching ship. The Solid Divert and Attitude Control System (SDACS) allows the kinetic warhead (KW) to maneuver in the final phase of the engagement. The KW’s sensors identify the target, attempt to identify the most lethal part of the target, and steer the KW to that point. When the KW intercepts the target, it results in 130 mega joules (96,000,000 foot-pounds) of kinetic energy at the point of impact.
תקציר תולדות הסטנדרט
U.S. Navy Missile Defense: Evolution of the Standard Missile
http://www.defensemedianetwork.com/...andard-missile/
Like the overall Aegis Weapon System, the basic Standard Missile has been upgraded during the past 30 years to keep pace with evolving threats. The SM-1, the first version of the Standard, entered production in 1967. Designed to replace and improve upon the Navy’s earlier Tartar and Terrier surface-to-air missiles, an improved version of the SM-1 is still used by 11 foreign navies.
Building upon the SM-1, development of the improved SM-2 began in the early 1970s. Designed to function in a demanding tactical environment, the SM-2 models feature an inertial mid-course guidance package that receives command updates from the shipboard fire control system. Several versions also have a jam-resistant monopulse receiver for semi-active radar terminal homing. The initial version of the SM-2 became operational in 1978, and an upgraded SM-2MR Block II entered service in 1983. That missile was used in conjunction with the Mk. 26 twin-arm launchers on board the early Ticonderoga-class cruisers.
Block II was designed to have better performance against high-altitude, maneuvering threats. Block III improved missile performance against very-low altitude threats, and Block IIIA added enhanced interception capabilities against sea-skimming, higher speed missiles and crossing missile threats. Introduced into service in 1998, Block IIIB added an infrared guidance mode to improve performance in heavy ECM environments. Today, the SM-2 Block IIIB remains the U.S. Navy’s mainstay against air threats.
The Navy began the development of the SM-2 Block IV in 1987. This variant featured major enhancements in the areas of guidance, target detection, altitude, velocity, jamming resistance and missile control, as well as a blast-fragmentation warhead. Another aspect of the Block IV design was the thrust vector-control booster, which gave Aegis warships the ability to engage extremely high-altitude targets – a key consideration in the Navy’s later ballistic missile defense effort. Technical and contractual problems delayed testing on the Block IV until 1992, however, and the missile did not achieve initial operational capability until 1999.
Today, progressive, “spiral” upgrades to the SM-3 missile are occurring in unison with the enhancements to the Aegis Weapon System. The Aegis BMD 3.6.1 and SM-3 Block IA combination are currently in fleet service as part of the Phased Adaptive Approach (PAA) Phase 1 architecture, providing a robust, “baseline” BMD capability. The Block IB variant is the next upgrade, entering service at sea and on land in conjunction with Aegis BMD 4.0.1 as the interceptor element of PAA Phase 2.
Equipped with an improved, two-color seeker, an advanced signal processor, and the Throttleable Divert Attitude Control System, the Block IB will have improved on-board target discrimination capabilities. The missile’s coverage will be further expanded by its ability to launch on remote sensor data – a capability already inherent in the Block IA, as demonstrated in 2011 flight-testing. The Block IB upgrade also will enhance Aegis BMD’s capacity to handle multiple-missile raids.
More missile improvements will follow. Entering service later in the decade in conjunction with Aegis BMD 5.1 and as part of PAA Phase 2, the SM-3 Block IIA will provide greater regional coverage against intermediate range ballistic missiles (IRBMs). This version features a higher burnout velocity; a more advanced seeker better able to discriminate between warheads and decoys; engage-on-remote capability; and nearly double the range of earlier SM-3 interceptors. The kinetic warhead and second and third stages of the Block IIA all will be larger than those of the Block IB, which will make the Block IIA the largest SM-3 variant compatible with the Mk. 41 VLS. Currently in co-development with Japan, flight-testing of the Block IIA is scheduled for 2014 and initial-use certification in 2018.
Progressing even further, the SM-3 Block IIB – in 2013 in the concept and planning stage – will have an even higher burnout velocity and greater divert capability. This will give the SM-3 variant some boost-phase intercept capability against long-range missiles, including ICBMs, and permit it to defend a greater area than its predecessors. As a larger missile, the SM-3 Block IIB will require modifications to the vertical launch systems on board BMD-equipped Aegis warships. This version of the Standard Missile is scheduled to enter service around 2020 as part of PAA Phase 4. However, there is some speculation that, if the Iranian ICBM threat becomes compelling in the nearer-term, development of the SM-3 IIB would need to be accelerated.
The SM-3 is not the final Standard Missile variant: The SM-6, which currently is in low-rate initial production, combines an SM-2 Block IV airframe and the active seeker from the AIM-120 Advanced Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missile (AMRAAM), and is the Navy’s next-generation extended range anti-air warfare interceptor. This will increase the ability of Aegis warships to engage air targets beyond their radar horizon and reduces Aegis Weapon System’s reliance on radar illuminators. A variant also may play a role in future sea-based terminal ballistic missile defenses.
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