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Security

Three's a crowd in the Horn of Africa
Since June, the Horn of Africa has teetered on the brink of war, as the events in Somalia threaten to spiral out of control. The Union of Islamic Courts' (UIC) spectacular military gains have been matched by growing unease in Ethiopia, which is an ally and the main backer of the Somali Transitional Federal Government (TFG)
[Jane's Foreign Report - first posted to http://frp.janes.com - 17 November 2006]

Compromise over Kyrgyz constitution
Kyrgyzstan narrowly averted political meltdown and possible civil conflict when President Kurmanbek Bakiyev, pressured by weeklong street protests, signed a new constitution into law on 9 November. Kyrgyzstan thereby became the first Central Asian state with robust legal checks on its executive authority
[Jane's Foreign Report - first posted to http://frp.janes.com - 21 November 2006]

French hesitation bodes ill for UNIFIL II
Last summer's confusion regarding France's contribution to the expanded UN Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL), which threatened to ridicule both French claims to international stature and UN credibility in the region, was analysed variously as yet another example of the dissonance between French rhetoric and actual power; as a case of a bureaucratic confusion between the country's diplomats and its military; or as a tactic to push the UN into revising the rules of engagement towards greater strategic leeway for UNIFIL troops.
[Jane's Foreign Report - first posted to http://frp.janes.com - 22 November 2006]

Old and new political loyalties in Yemen
Yemen's recent multi-party presidential elections, despite marking a substantial move towards democracy, also legitimised the dominance of General People's Congress. Jane's investigates what this means for the country's opposition parties
[Jane's Islamic Affairs Analyst - first posted to http://jiaa.janes.com - 14 November 2006]

Iran's 'Great Prophet' military drill
Iran's Islamic Revolution Guards Corps (IRGC) launched a 10-day war game codenamed 'Great Prophet' on 2 November. Tehran announced the exercise immediately after the US, the UK, Italy, France and Bahrain concluded a two-day naval exercise in the Gulf on 31 October
[Jane's Intelligence Digest - first posted to http://jid.janes.com - 15 November 2006]

Radical spectre haunts Serbia
Following Serbian President Boris Tadic's announcement that early parliamentary elections will be held, there are mounting concerns that any increase in the electoral strength of the ultra-nationalist Serbian Radical Party could derail Belgrade's ambitions of closer integration with the EU. Moreover, UN officials and the wider international community fear that the outcome of the poll, scheduled for 21 January 2007, could fuel tensions in Kosovo ahead of any decision on the province's final status.Early elections became inevitable following the approval on 28-29 October of Serbia's new constitution
[Jane's Intelligence Digest - first posted to http://jid.janes.com - 20 November 2006]

China's latest African gambit
The People's Republic of China has always taken an interest in Africa. This year marks the 50th anniversary of the first diplomatic ties between Beijing and an African state, the post-Suez Egypt of Gamal Abdel Nasser
[Jane's Intelligence Digest - first posted to http://jid.janes.com - 21 November 2006]

US and Russia launch international nuclear security initiative
At the end of October, representatives from 12 countries gathered in Rabat, Morocco, to discuss how to implement the Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism that the Russian and US governments launched at the G8 summit in St Petersburg in July. Although the meeting was scheduled before North Korea tested a nuclear device on 9 October, the detonation has reinforced concerns about the threat of nuclear terrorism
[Jane's Intelligence Digest - first posted to http://jid.janes.com - 21 November 2006]


Pace of southern Philippine peace process angers rebels
The longer the talks drag out, the more the hardliners and critics of the peace talks will be vindicatedThe younger generation is more militant and Islamist and the next generation of the MILF is not going to be as moderate as Murad and his lieutenantsThe Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) is still officially engaged in protracted peace talks with the Philippine government to end its long-running separatist conflict in the southern islands.
[Jane's Intelligence Review - first posted to http://jir.janes.com - 01 November 2006]

Iran strives for self-sufficiency in conventional weapons
Unfamiliarity with counter-intuitive combinations such as the F-14 and the Hawk would in itself be difficult to defend against initiallyIran's procurement of technology and expertise for its sophisticated ballistic missile programme, and for the development of nuclear infrastructure that could be used for military purposes, has overshadowed similar efforts it has made with conventional weapons development.
[Jane's Intelligence Review - first posted to http://jir.janes.com - 01 November 2006]

Disengaging from terrorism
Foremost among the current avalanche of research on violent radicalisation is the complex question of what 'involvement in terrorism' actually means. It implies (and results in) very different things to very different people even within a single small cell, let alone across the entire spectrum of terrorist groups
[Jane's Intelligence Review - first posted to http://jir.janes.com - 09 November 2006]

Europe seeks secure energy supply as Russia turns up heat
As the European winter draws in, policy attention will turn once again to the need for secure energy supplies. The experience in January, when Russia temporarily stopped gas supplies to Ukraine adversely affecting some European countries, still lingers in the EU's collective mind
[Jane's Intelligence Review - first posted to http://jir.janes.com - 09 November 2006]

Crude variables: how oil prices will shape Venezuela's future
President Hugo Chavez, the dominant political personality on the Venezuelan stage for almost a decade, will face a decisive test in early December, when voters will decide whether to hand him a mandate to govern for a further six years. Venezuela has been convulsed by several periods of often-violent political turmoil since Chavez was first elected in 1998, with the country polarised into two camps: one passionately supportive of the former military officer and his oil-fuelled populist policies; the other just as passionately opposed to a leader they view as a dangerous autocrat bent on installing an anachronistic, state-heavy design modelled on Cuba.
[Jane's Intelligence Review - first posted to http://jir.janes.com - 14 November 2006]

Noordin Muhammad Top
Noordin Muhammad Top, wanted in connection with the 2003 Marriott hotel bombing and the 2004 Australian embassy bombing in Jakarta, remains the target of what may be the biggest manhunt in Indonesian history. Jane's examines the life and influences of the rebel Jemaah Islamiyya militantNoordin pointed to a picture of himself in a local newspaper and said proudly: "I am the most wanted man in Southeast Asia"Noordin Muhammad Top, the most wanted terrorist in Southeast Asia, was born in Skudai, Johor, Malaysia on 11 August 1968, the youngest of 12 children
[Jane's Terrorism & Security Monitor - first posted to http://jtsm.janes.com - 07 November 2006]

Dirty bombs: have the risks to the UK increased?
I am frequently asked to assess the risk of a 'dirty bomb' being used for terrorist purposes in the UK. Until now, my response has been that the likelihood of being struck by lightning is greater than that of being hit by a dirty bomb attack
[RUSI/Jane's Homeland Security and Resilience Monitor - first posted to http://rjhm.janes.com - 06 November 2006]

LAND FORCES
Netherlands forces receive KMW Fenneks
Netherlands forces in southern Afghanistan have received 12 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann (KMW) Fennek 4x4 light armoured reconnaissance vehicles to support their operations in Uruzgan province as well as in Kandahar as part of the NATO-led International Security Assistance Force (ISAF).Four of the high-tech, 10-tonne reconnaissance vehicles, the introduction of which in the Royal Netherlands Army started in 2005, are at Kandahar Airfield where they are assigned to a Netherlands Force Protection Platoon (FPP) manned by personnel from 42 (NL) Tank Battalion.
[Jane's International Defence Review - first posted to http://idr.janes.com - 17 November 2006]

Stryker brigade readies for deployment with Mobile Gun System
The MGS is the newest addition to the army's family of 8 x 8 combat vehicles made by General Dynamics Land Systems. Equipped with a 105 mm cannon, the MGS is designed to provide direct fire support to Stryker-based units; the 4th Brigade, 2nd Infantry, based at Fort Lewis, Washington, is the first unit to be equipped with the gun
[Jane's Defence Weekly - first posted to http://jdw.janes.com - 17 November 2006]

Iran reveals Rakhsh APC
Iran's Defence Industries Organisation (DIO) is offering a new 4 x 4 wheeled armoured personnel carrier (APC), dubbed Rakhsh, on the export market. Rakhsh, which is already in service in Iran, has been developed by the DIO's Shahid Kolahdooz Industrial Complex and is understood to be based on an existing 4 x 4 cross-country chassis
[Jane's Defence Weekly - first posted to http://jdw.janes.com - 21 November 2006]

NAVAL

EUROPEAN FRIGATE PROGRAMMES - FREMMs and neighbours: Europe seeks benefits of consolidation
Without doubt the largest and arguably the most significant frigate-building effort in Europe is the EUR11 billion (USD14 billion) Franco-Italian FREMM (Frégate Européenne Multi-Mission) programme. The largest, because if all options are exercised no less than 27 of the 6,000-tonne FREMM ships are to be built for the navies of France and Italy, with the first export possibility (Greece) already identified
[Jane's International Defence Review - first posted to http://idr.janes.com - 10 November 2006]

Thales unveils Mk 2 naval tracking radar
Thales-NL (Hengelo, the Netherlands) has launched a solid-state upgrade programme for its STING-EO and STIR family of naval tracking radar.The technology will also be applied in new-build STING-EO and STIR systems, with eight STING-EO units for Venezuela being the first to have been ordered in the new configuration, which is designated STING-EO Mk 2.The components developed for this new generation of tracking radar will also be offered for retrofit upgrades of units already in service.
[Jane's International Defence Review - first posted to http://idr.janes.com - 13 November 2006]

BAE Systems appoints executive to review naval sector
BAE Systems has charged Executive Director Steve Mogford with restructuring the group's naval sector as it looks to "concentrate on the strategically important area of consolidating submarine and naval shipbuilding" - an approach consistent with the UK's maritime industrial strategy (MIS).Mogford, who previously held the position of chief operating officer (COO) with responsibility for programmes, was moved to the new role as part of a wider top-level reshuffle within BAE Systems. Ian King (currently group managing director of customer solutions) will become COO, while current incumbent Chris Geoghegan will remain as an executive director.A spokesman for BAE Systems said: "This year we grew about 10 per cent
[Jane's Defence Industry - first posted to http://jdin.janes.com - 10 November 2006]

Budget pressures cast shadow over Shaman
Budget pressures have cast doubt over the future of a key UK maritime intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition and reconnaissance (ISTAR) programme intended to give selected Royal Navy (RN) warships a state-of-the-art communications eavesdropping system.Project Shaman is intended to offer the RN a new surface ship communications electronic support measures (CESM) capability to succeed the COBLU (Cooperative Outboard Logistics Update) CESM suite currently in service aboard the RN's four Type 22 Batch 3 frigates.
[Jane's Navy International - first posted to http://jni.janes.com - 10 November 2006]

US Navy extends and improves swimmer delivery
The US Navy and US Special Operations Command have increased and improved on their inventory of Mk 8 Mod 1 SEAL Delivery Vehicles (SDVs) through the acquisition of four Mk 8 Mod 1 SDVs and the parallel upgrade of 10 existing SDVs to the enhanced standard.A manned 'wet' submersible designed to carry special operations forces and their equipment in fully flooded compartments, the Mk 8 Mod 1 SDV is designed to covertly deploy several fully equipped special forces operatives into the mission area, loiter, recover the force and then retire from the area of operations.Submerged operators and passengers are sustained by either individually worn underwater breathing apparatus or onboard supplied air.
[Jane's Navy International - first posted to http://jni.janes.com - 14 November 2006]

Israel Aircraft Industries' MF-STAR multifunction radar receives first order
Israel Aircraft Industries' (IAIs') Elta Systems Group has secured a contract worth an estimated USD 200 million to supply its new EL/M-2248 Multi-Function Surveillance, Tracking and Missile Guidance (MF-STAR) radar to an undisclosed customer.This marks the first production order for the MF-STAR system.Elta began privately funded development of the EL/M-2248 in 2000, leveraging experience in solid-state active conformal phased array radar accrued from the 'Green Pine' programme and earlier experience from the Phalcon airborne early warning sensor.
[Jane's Navy International - first posted to http://jni.janes.com - 17 November 2006]

Finnish Navy eyes Intermarine MCMV option
The Finnish Navy is set to award Italy's Intermarine shipyard the prime contractor position to build and supply a comprehensive mine countermeasure vessel (MCMV) package. Worth around EUR244.8 million (USD315 million) the 'MCMV 2010' project will contract Intermarine to "deliver three mine countermeasure vessels, a mine countermeasure information system and a life-cycle support-and-maintenance package including spare parts, special tools and test equipment" Captain Jaakko Savisaari, chief of the navy's Materiel Division told Jane's
[Jane's Navy International - first posted to http://jni.janes.com - 22 November 2006]

DEFENCE
IMAGERY INTELLIGENCE - Boom time for image intelligence as digital exploitation burgeons
Fifty years ago, photographic reconnaissance (PR or photo-recce) provided military commanders and their political masters with photographs of areas of interest, mainly with targets in mind. Aircraft equipped with cameras using wet film took snapshots from high or low level
[Jane's International Defence Review - first posted to http://idr.janes.com - 07 November 2006]

IMAGERY INTELLIGENCE - Allies simulate ISR data-sharing
The proliferation of intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) sensors and capabilities on a global level has brought with it a series of parallel complications for coalition warfare operations. But until recently, no single coalition training exercise placed its primary focus on ISR compatibility between allies.That gap was closed in 2004 with the introduction of the 'Empire Challenge' exercise series, led by what has become the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA)
[Jane's International Defence Review - first posted to http://idr.janes.com - 07 November 2006]

EDA-wide 2005 defence spending hit EUR193 bn, states EU report
THE 24 member states of the European Defence Agency (EDA) spent a combined total of EUR193 billion (USD247.6 billion) on defence in 2005, according to a report from the Brussels-based agency of the Council of the European Union.Presenting what it described as a "broadly accurate statistical picture", the EDA found that defence spending accounted for 3.81 per cent of combined government expenditure and 1.81 per cent of GDP for participating countries.
[Jane's Defence Industry - first posted to http://jdin.janes.com - 21 November 2006]

AWD manager rejects claims that programme doesn't include Australian defence companies
THE manager of the AUD6 billion (USD4.61 billion) air warfare destroyer programme in Australia has reacted forcefully to a recently published report - which criticised the project's inclusion of local industry - stating that the programme is committed to achieving high levels of Australian defence industry involvement.least AUD6 billion or more from this programme over the next decade or so
[Jane's Defence Industry - first posted to http://jdin.janes.com - 21 November 2006]

KBR flotation proceeds, amid controversy
HALLIBURTON proceeded with the flotation of its KBR subsidiary as UK Defence Procurement Minister Lord Drayson warned that the actions of the US oil services group ahead of the listing "significantly undermined our confidence".The 21 November listing on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) of a minority share of KBR's stock was oversubscribed, leading to net proceeds of USD508 million. Halliburton retained 81 per cent of the company.There was an element of controversy, however
[Jane's Defence Industry - first posted to http://jdin.janes.com - 22 November 2006]

Israel plans for defence against Palestinian rocket fire
Israel's Ministry of Defence (MoD) is preparing an urgent requirement for the development of a defence system against intensifying and improving Palestinian rocket fire.Jane's has learned that Israel is considering four main alternatives: a proposal by Rafael Armament Development Authority for an interceptor based on air-to-air technology; Israel Military Industries' (IMI's) Magen Kassum concept, based on 160 mm artillery rockets; Northrop Grumman's high-energy laser-based Skyguard; and a concept based on a radar-controlled high-rate gun, such as Oerlikon Contraves' Skyshield ground-based air-defence gun system.
[Jane's Defence Industry - first posted to http://jdin.janes.com - 22 November 2006]

Berlin nears EADS agreement with DaimlerChrysler
NEGOTIATIONS between Berlin and DaimlerChrysler concerning the future of the defence and automotive group's investment in EADS are "largely concluded", a spokesman for the German government told Jane's.Berlin has been "examining options" regarding DaimlerChrysler's plans to reduce its 22.49 per cent holding in the pan-European aerospace and defence group by an additional 7.5 per cent. Germany has indicated that it is keen to take action to safeguard its national interests and preserve EADS' Franco-German balance.
[Jane's Defence Industry - first posted to http://jdin.janes.com - 22 November 2006]

Pakistan targets export market for low-cost missiles
PAKISTAN launched a new marketing campaign for the sale of its 'Baktar Shikan' anti-tank missile and the ANZA-MKII anti-aircraft missile this month, seeking to capture customers from countries in the surrounding region. The two missiles - on display at the IDEAS 2006 international arms conference in Karachi, were described by one Pakistani official as "the poor man's choice of weapon" - a reference to their relatively low price in comparison to Western defence equipment.The 'Baktar Shikan' is a licensed copy of the Chinese HongJian-8 (HJ-8) or the Red Arrow 8, developed by China's NORINCO as a semi-active, wire-guided anti-tank missile
[Jane's Defence Industry - first posted to http://jdin.janes.com - 23 November 2006]

US brings cyber warfare into mainstream battle importance
An Iraqi insurgent co-ordinating an ambush with a cellular phone and the radar operator of a Russian S-300/400 integrated air-defence system share a common vulnerability, even if they are light years away in sophistication.Both the cell phone and the surface-to-air missile (SAM) system are dependent on various forms of electromagnetic radiation, with each 'system' supporting the communications, command and control and intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance needs of the combatants involved.
[Jane's Defence Weekly - first posted to http://jdw.janes.com - 22 November 2006]

UK to pull troops from Germany
British Army planners are finalising preparations to move all of the UK's troops home from garrisons in Germany by the end of the decade.Planning is now at an advanced stage and government ministers have been presented with a variety of basing options in the UK for two armoured brigades and headquarters of 1 (UK) Armoured Division, according to senior army officers involved in the project.The aim is to move 7 and 20 Armoured Brigades from Germany into two super garrisons in a "very short timeframe", a defence source told Jane's. Final decisions on the basing of units returning from Germany depend on the outcome of the UK's Defence Training Review (DTR) and the Military Flying Training Service (MFTS) processes early in 2007
[Jane's Defence Weekly - first posted to http://jdw.janes.com - 23 November 2006]

Global Hawks fly homeland defence missions over US
RQ-4 Global Hawk unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), once confined to flying surveillance missions in the skies of Afghanistan and Iraq, will soon be flying homeland defence and counter-drug missions over the US.The US Air Combat Command tasked a Global Hawk to fly on an official mission for the first time in mid-November. The UAV landed at Beale Air Force Base (AFB) in northern California, where the US Air Force plans to deploy seven Global Hawks by 2009
[Jane's Defence Weekly - first posted to http://jdw.janes.com - 23 November 2006]

Israel seeks Qassam solution
Israel's Ministry of Defence (MoD) is preparing an urgent requirement for the development of a defence system against intensifying and increasingly sophisticated insurgent Palestinian rocket attacks.Jane's has learned that Israel is considering four main alternatives: a proposal by Rafael Armament Development Authority for an interceptor based on air-to-air technology; Israel Military Industries' (IMI's) Magen Kassum (Magic Shield) concept, based on 160 mm artillery rockets; Northrop Grumman's high-energy laser-based Skyguard; and a concept based on a radar-controlled high-rate gun, such as Oerlikon Contraves' Skyshield ground-based air-defence system. A team led by MoD Director General Gabi Ashkenazi is examining the different proposals
[Jane's Defence Weekly - first posted to http://jdw.janes.com - 23 November 2006]

China develops QL550 light AFV
China has developed a new 4 x 4 light armoured fighting vehicle (AFV) prototype with the industrial designation QL550.Similar in appearance to the French Panhard General Defense Véhicule Blindé Léger (VBL) light reconnaissance vehicle, which entered service with the French Army in 1990, the QL550 is heavier (weighing about 7 tonnes compared to 3.6 tonnes for the VBL), larger and has greater internal volume, which would allow it to be used for a broader range of missions.The QL550's power pack is positioned at the front, while the driver sits on the left and the commander on the right. The rest of the vehicle can be devoted to the troop compartment or specialised mission packages, which can weigh up to 1.5 tonnes.The hull of the QL550 is of all-welded steel armour and over the frontal arc provides protection against armour-piercing small arms fire up to 7.62 mm.In its baseline reconnaissance version the QL550 has a crew of four, which can be increased to a maximum of eight when used for the troop-carrying role
[Jane's Defence Weekly - first posted to http://jdw.janes.com - 23 November 2006]

US weighs Iraq options
As the Bush Administration weighs its options on Iraq, the US Department of Defense (DoD) has commissioned a group of field officers with recent operational experience to provide recommendations to the US Joint Chiefs of Staff.The DoD is reviewing force levels in Iraq and possible options include a significant increase in troop strength, a reduction in numbers or even some form of withdrawal. A commission chaired by former US Secretary of State James Baker and former US Democratic Representative Lee Hamilton is also studying a new course of action
[Jane's Defence Weekly - first posted to http://jdw.janes.com - 23 November 2006]

France tests M51 ballistic missile
France's new M51 submarine-launched ballistic missile made its first test flight on 9 November 2006, writes Doug Richardson. Launched from the Delegation Generale pour l'Armement (DGA) Centre d'Essais et de Lancement de Missiles (CELM) test site at Biscarrosse, about 70 km from Bordeaux, the missile flew westward over the Atlantic Ocean
[Jane's Missiles and Rockets - first posted to http://jmr.janes.com - 17 November 2006]

Iran stages display of missile firepower
Iran's military claims that it fired enhanced Shahab 3 intermediate ballistic missiles with cluster warheads and an extended range of around 1,900 km, and unveiled a whole range of weapons it identified as new indigenous systems, during major exercises across the country and in the Persian Gulf on 2-9 November, writes Ed Blanche. The display of Iranian firepower during the 10-day 'Great Prophet II' exercises, hard on the heels of a similar missile showcase during the 'Blow of Zulfiqar' exercises in August, helped ratchet up tension in the region
[Jane's Missiles and Rockets - first posted to http://jmr.janes.com - 23 November 2006]

Hamas' rocket capabilities alarm Israelis
Israel's military is bracing for a new wave of rocket attacks by Palestinian militants inspired by Hizbullah's tactics against the Israelis during the 34-day war of July and August, writes Ed Blanche. So far the rocket attacks have been mounted almost exclusively from the Gaza Strip, currently the central battleground in the six-year-old Palestinian intifada
[Jane's Missiles and Rockets - first posted to http://jmr.janes.com - 23 November 2006]

AIR

Australia grants JSF plan first-pass approval
THE Australian government has given first-pass approval to purchase the Lockheed Martin F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF).A memorandum of understanding (MoU) regarding the production sustainment and follow-on development will be signed in the US in December 2006 by Australian Defence Minister Brendan Nelson and US Secretary of Defense-designate Robert Gates.The Australian government will seek a second-pass approval in December 2008.
[Jane's Defence Industry - first posted to http://jdin.janes.com - 10 November 2006]

USAF announces USD15 billion HH-47 Chinook plan
THE US Air Force announced on 9 November its decision to spend an estimated USD15 billion to buy 141 Boeing HH-47 Chinook helicopters over the next 12 years to replace its combat search and rescue (CSAR) fleet. Ironically, the USAF is replacing a fleet of 1980s-vintage Sikorsky HH-60G Pave Hawks with a new model of a basic Chinook airframe that first flew nearly half a century ago
[Jane's Defence Industry - first posted to http://jdin.janes.com - 10 November 2006]

Dutch are first to sign Joint Strike Fighter PSFD MoU
The MoU was signed in Washington on 14 November by Netherlands State Secretary for Defence Procurement Cees van der Knaap and US Deputy Secretary of Defense Gordon England.The first PSFD signature comes at a time when the US Department of Defence (DoD) has announced that the first flight F-35 JSF test is now expected in December: a delay of several weeks compared to an announcement by Lockheed Martin JSF Executive Vice President Tom Burbage in October, which said that the first flight would take place by the second half of November.
[Jane's Defence Weekly - first posted to http://jdw.janes.com - 17 November 2006]